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1 exercise planning directive
EPD, exercise planning directiveEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > exercise planning directive
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2 exercise planning directive
Военный термин: директива по планированию ученияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > exercise planning directive
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3 exercise planning directive
Military: EPDУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > exercise planning directive
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4 exercise planning directive
English-Russian military dictionary > exercise planning directive
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5 directive
директива; распоряжение; -
6 EPD
2) Американизм: Environmental Product Declaration3) Военный термин: Eastern procurement division, Eastern production district, Enlisted Personnel Directorate, earliest practicable date, electronic proximity detector, engineer plant depot, engineering planning document, exercise planning directive, extra police duty4) Техника: electrode pattern definition, electronic personal dosimeter, electronic products department, energetic particles detector, excess profits duty5) Химия: End Point Dilution6) Юридический термин: Extra Punitive Duties7) Сокращение: Electronic Personal Doismeter, Entry Point Discount (2006 with CCID), Environmental Protection Device, Eukaryotic Promoter Database, electric power and distribution, Energetic Particle Detector, earth potential difference8) Физиология: Expected Progeny Difference9) Электроника: Equipment Protective Device, Etch Pit Density10) Вычислительная техника: early packet discard11) Нефть: engineering, procurement and design12) Иммунология: Enzyme Potentiated Desensitization13) Банковское дело: дополнительный налог на прибыль корпораций (excess profit duty)15) Образование: Educational Planning District16) Инвестиции: excess profit duty17) Макаров: elastomeric terpolymer from ethylene, propylene, and a nonconjugated diene, electrophoretic display18) Расширение файла: Express Publisher Publication19) Общественная организация: Education Programs Division (in IREX international organization)20) Должность: Extended Position Description21) Чат: Excessive Posting Disorder22) NYSE. Enterprise Products Partners Class L -
7 epd
2) Американизм: Environmental Product Declaration3) Военный термин: Eastern procurement division, Eastern production district, Enlisted Personnel Directorate, earliest practicable date, electronic proximity detector, engineer plant depot, engineering planning document, exercise planning directive, extra police duty4) Техника: electrode pattern definition, electronic personal dosimeter, electronic products department, energetic particles detector, excess profits duty5) Химия: End Point Dilution6) Юридический термин: Extra Punitive Duties7) Сокращение: Electronic Personal Doismeter, Entry Point Discount (2006 with CCID), Environmental Protection Device, Eukaryotic Promoter Database, electric power and distribution, Energetic Particle Detector, earth potential difference8) Физиология: Expected Progeny Difference9) Электроника: Equipment Protective Device, Etch Pit Density10) Вычислительная техника: early packet discard11) Нефть: engineering, procurement and design12) Иммунология: Enzyme Potentiated Desensitization13) Банковское дело: дополнительный налог на прибыль корпораций (excess profit duty)15) Образование: Educational Planning District16) Инвестиции: excess profit duty17) Макаров: elastomeric terpolymer from ethylene, propylene, and a nonconjugated diene, electrophoretic display18) Расширение файла: Express Publisher Publication19) Общественная организация: Education Programs Division (in IREX international organization)20) Должность: Extended Position Description21) Чат: Excessive Posting Disorder22) NYSE. Enterprise Products Partners Class L -
8 EPD
EPD, earliest practicable date————————EPD, Eastern procurement division————————EPD, Eastern production district————————EPD, electric power distribution————————EPD, electronic proximity detector————————EPD, engineer plant depot————————EPD, engineering planning document————————EPD, Enlisted Personnel Directorate————————EPD, exercise planning directive————————EPD, extra police dutyEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > EPD
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9 директива по планированию учения
Military: exercise planning directiveУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > директива по планированию учения
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10 PD
1) Общая лексика: Project Directorate (SEIC)2) Компьютерная техника: Physical Device, Platform Dependent, Power Driver, Printer Driver3) Медицина: прогрессирование заболевания (progression of the disease), protein D, фармакодинамика, перитонеальный диализ4) Американизм: Proposed Determination, Pseudo Deadline5) Спорт: Pure Determination6) Военный термин: Personnel Directorate, Presidential Directive, Primary Detection, Probability of Damage, Process Data, paralyzing dose, passive detection, patrol duty, pay day, per diem, performance demonstration, personnel data, personnel department, personnel division, planning directive, planning document, plans division, point defense, point detonating, point of departure, port of debarkation, power distribution, power-driven, preference for duty, priority designator, priority directive, procurement data, procurement directive, procurement division, production department, professional development, project directive, project document, projected decision, projected display, property damage, proposal development, protective device, provisioning document, proximity detector, purchase description, пороговая токсодоза, Positive Deployment (Exercise Name), Point Detonation (Fuse), Program Director (or Directive)7) Психиатрия: расстройство личности (personality disorder http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8)8) Техника: percent detected, periodical, phase detector, photodesorption, photodiode, population density, population distribution, primary detectors, proportionally differential, pulse drive9) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Density10) Шутливое выражение: Pesky Demons11) Химия: Positive Displacement12) Математика: плотность вероятности (probability density), положительно определённый (positive definite), распределение вероятностей (probability distribution)13) Юридический термин: Pathetically Drunk, Permanent Disability, Public Document, Практическое руководство (Practice Direction) (http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.justice.gov.uk/civil/procrules_fin/menus/rules.htm)14) Бухгалтерия: Partial Deduction15) Страхование: Polar distance, physical damage16) Ветеринария: Prairie Dog17) Грубое выражение: Paper Doll18) Оптика: perfect diffuser, prism diopter19) Политика: Pro Death20) Телекоммуникации: Propagation Delay, Protocol Discriminator21) Сокращение: Participatory Design, Passive Defence, Periscope Depth, Phenyldichloroarsine (Chemical warfare blister agent), Pictorial Display, Police Department, Postal District, Pre-digital, Preliminary Design, Principal Directorate (UK), Product / Project Definition, Programme Director (UK), Pulse Duration, Pulse-Doppler (radar), Pulsed Doppler, pick up and delivery, pivoted door, position doubtful, preliminary data, privat-docent, probability of detection, punch die, Peripheral Device, pickup and delivery22) Университет: Please Dad23) Физиология: Partial denture, Paxil Disorder, Peptide Dose, Peritoneal Dialysis, Personality Disorder, Post Discovery, Procedure Delivery, Pulmonary Disease, Pupillary Distance24) Фото: Principal Distance25) Электроника: Phase-change Device, Power Density, Pre Damper26) Вычислительная техника: Packetization Delay, page directory, process database, public domain, pulse driver, каталог страниц, Plug & Display (standard, LCD, VESA)27) Нефть: plug down, proposed depth, proved & developed, pump displacement, total pressure drop in annulus, вероятность обнаружения (неисправности; probability of detection), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), предполагаемая глубина (proposed depth), процент обнаруженных неисправностей (percent detected)28) Неврология: болезнь Паркинсона (Parkinson disease, нейродегенеративное заболевание головного мозга с преобладанием двигательных нарушений в виде общей скованности, замедленности движений, дрожания)29) Онкология: Progressive disease30) Связь: proportional/derivative31) Банковское дело: вероятность дефолта (probability of default)32) Транспорт: Paris Dakar, Port Director, Pump Diesel33) Энергетика: (Partial Discharge) частичный разряд34) СМИ: Pound Dog, Publication Date35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: purchase department, Project Director36) Образование: Pen Down, Pupil Distance37) Микроэлектроника: photodiode( фотодиод)38) Сетевые технологии: phase-change dual, phase-dual39) ЕБРР: Procurement Department40) Полимеры: pressure distillate, privileged direction41) Автоматика: pitch diameter42) Полупроводники: photoelectron diffraction43) Океанография: Position Description44) Медицинская техника: Power Doppler (УЗИ)45) Макаров: physical development46) Безопасность: Parallel Decode47) Расширение файла: Performance Data48) Нефть и газ: pump discharge, ДР ( доказанные разрабатываемые запасы) (Proven Developed reserves), ущерб для имущества и материалов49) Электротехника: partial discharge, periodic duty, power divider50) Имена и фамилии: Philip Dey51) Должность: Pizza Delivery, Porch Dog, Private Detective, Program Director52) Чат: Pretty Disappointing53) NYSE. Phelps Dodge Corporation54) Федеральное бюро расследований: Portland Field Office55) Международная торговля: Project Delivery -
11 Pd
1) Общая лексика: Project Directorate (SEIC)2) Компьютерная техника: Physical Device, Platform Dependent, Power Driver, Printer Driver3) Медицина: прогрессирование заболевания (progression of the disease), protein D, фармакодинамика, перитонеальный диализ4) Американизм: Proposed Determination, Pseudo Deadline5) Спорт: Pure Determination6) Военный термин: Personnel Directorate, Presidential Directive, Primary Detection, Probability of Damage, Process Data, paralyzing dose, passive detection, patrol duty, pay day, per diem, performance demonstration, personnel data, personnel department, personnel division, planning directive, planning document, plans division, point defense, point detonating, point of departure, port of debarkation, power distribution, power-driven, preference for duty, priority designator, priority directive, procurement data, procurement directive, procurement division, production department, professional development, project directive, project document, projected decision, projected display, property damage, proposal development, protective device, provisioning document, proximity detector, purchase description, пороговая токсодоза, Positive Deployment (Exercise Name), Point Detonation (Fuse), Program Director (or Directive)7) Психиатрия: расстройство личности (personality disorder http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8)8) Техника: percent detected, periodical, phase detector, photodesorption, photodiode, population density, population distribution, primary detectors, proportionally differential, pulse drive9) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Density10) Шутливое выражение: Pesky Demons11) Химия: Positive Displacement12) Математика: плотность вероятности (probability density), положительно определённый (positive definite), распределение вероятностей (probability distribution)13) Юридический термин: Pathetically Drunk, Permanent Disability, Public Document, Практическое руководство (Practice Direction) (http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.justice.gov.uk/civil/procrules_fin/menus/rules.htm)14) Бухгалтерия: Partial Deduction15) Страхование: Polar distance, physical damage16) Ветеринария: Prairie Dog17) Грубое выражение: Paper Doll18) Оптика: perfect diffuser, prism diopter19) Политика: Pro Death20) Телекоммуникации: Propagation Delay, Protocol Discriminator21) Сокращение: Participatory Design, Passive Defence, Periscope Depth, Phenyldichloroarsine (Chemical warfare blister agent), Pictorial Display, Police Department, Postal District, Pre-digital, Preliminary Design, Principal Directorate (UK), Product / Project Definition, Programme Director (UK), Pulse Duration, Pulse-Doppler (radar), Pulsed Doppler, pick up and delivery, pivoted door, position doubtful, preliminary data, privat-docent, probability of detection, punch die, Peripheral Device, pickup and delivery22) Университет: Please Dad23) Физиология: Partial denture, Paxil Disorder, Peptide Dose, Peritoneal Dialysis, Personality Disorder, Post Discovery, Procedure Delivery, Pulmonary Disease, Pupillary Distance24) Фото: Principal Distance25) Электроника: Phase-change Device, Power Density, Pre Damper26) Вычислительная техника: Packetization Delay, page directory, process database, public domain, pulse driver, каталог страниц, Plug & Display (standard, LCD, VESA)27) Нефть: plug down, proposed depth, proved & developed, pump displacement, total pressure drop in annulus, вероятность обнаружения (неисправности; probability of detection), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), предполагаемая глубина (proposed depth), процент обнаруженных неисправностей (percent detected)28) Неврология: болезнь Паркинсона (Parkinson disease, нейродегенеративное заболевание головного мозга с преобладанием двигательных нарушений в виде общей скованности, замедленности движений, дрожания)29) Онкология: Progressive disease30) Связь: proportional/derivative31) Банковское дело: вероятность дефолта (probability of default)32) Транспорт: Paris Dakar, Port Director, Pump Diesel33) Энергетика: (Partial Discharge) частичный разряд34) СМИ: Pound Dog, Publication Date35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: purchase department, Project Director36) Образование: Pen Down, Pupil Distance37) Микроэлектроника: photodiode( фотодиод)38) Сетевые технологии: phase-change dual, phase-dual39) ЕБРР: Procurement Department40) Полимеры: pressure distillate, privileged direction41) Автоматика: pitch diameter42) Полупроводники: photoelectron diffraction43) Океанография: Position Description44) Медицинская техника: Power Doppler (УЗИ)45) Макаров: physical development46) Безопасность: Parallel Decode47) Расширение файла: Performance Data48) Нефть и газ: pump discharge, ДР ( доказанные разрабатываемые запасы) (Proven Developed reserves), ущерб для имущества и материалов49) Электротехника: partial discharge, periodic duty, power divider50) Имена и фамилии: Philip Dey51) Должность: Pizza Delivery, Porch Dog, Private Detective, Program Director52) Чат: Pretty Disappointing53) NYSE. Phelps Dodge Corporation54) Федеральное бюро расследований: Portland Field Office55) Международная торговля: Project Delivery -
12 pd
1) Общая лексика: Project Directorate (SEIC)2) Компьютерная техника: Physical Device, Platform Dependent, Power Driver, Printer Driver3) Медицина: прогрессирование заболевания (progression of the disease), protein D, фармакодинамика, перитонеальный диализ4) Американизм: Proposed Determination, Pseudo Deadline5) Спорт: Pure Determination6) Военный термин: Personnel Directorate, Presidential Directive, Primary Detection, Probability of Damage, Process Data, paralyzing dose, passive detection, patrol duty, pay day, per diem, performance demonstration, personnel data, personnel department, personnel division, planning directive, planning document, plans division, point defense, point detonating, point of departure, port of debarkation, power distribution, power-driven, preference for duty, priority designator, priority directive, procurement data, procurement directive, procurement division, production department, professional development, project directive, project document, projected decision, projected display, property damage, proposal development, protective device, provisioning document, proximity detector, purchase description, пороговая токсодоза, Positive Deployment (Exercise Name), Point Detonation (Fuse), Program Director (or Directive)7) Психиатрия: расстройство личности (personality disorder http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8)8) Техника: percent detected, periodical, phase detector, photodesorption, photodiode, population density, population distribution, primary detectors, proportionally differential, pulse drive9) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Density10) Шутливое выражение: Pesky Demons11) Химия: Positive Displacement12) Математика: плотность вероятности (probability density), положительно определённый (positive definite), распределение вероятностей (probability distribution)13) Юридический термин: Pathetically Drunk, Permanent Disability, Public Document, Практическое руководство (Practice Direction) (http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.justice.gov.uk/civil/procrules_fin/menus/rules.htm)14) Бухгалтерия: Partial Deduction15) Страхование: Polar distance, physical damage16) Ветеринария: Prairie Dog17) Грубое выражение: Paper Doll18) Оптика: perfect diffuser, prism diopter19) Политика: Pro Death20) Телекоммуникации: Propagation Delay, Protocol Discriminator21) Сокращение: Participatory Design, Passive Defence, Periscope Depth, Phenyldichloroarsine (Chemical warfare blister agent), Pictorial Display, Police Department, Postal District, Pre-digital, Preliminary Design, Principal Directorate (UK), Product / Project Definition, Programme Director (UK), Pulse Duration, Pulse-Doppler (radar), Pulsed Doppler, pick up and delivery, pivoted door, position doubtful, preliminary data, privat-docent, probability of detection, punch die, Peripheral Device, pickup and delivery22) Университет: Please Dad23) Физиология: Partial denture, Paxil Disorder, Peptide Dose, Peritoneal Dialysis, Personality Disorder, Post Discovery, Procedure Delivery, Pulmonary Disease, Pupillary Distance24) Фото: Principal Distance25) Электроника: Phase-change Device, Power Density, Pre Damper26) Вычислительная техника: Packetization Delay, page directory, process database, public domain, pulse driver, каталог страниц, Plug & Display (standard, LCD, VESA)27) Нефть: plug down, proposed depth, proved & developed, pump displacement, total pressure drop in annulus, вероятность обнаружения (неисправности; probability of detection), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), предполагаемая глубина (proposed depth), процент обнаруженных неисправностей (percent detected)28) Неврология: болезнь Паркинсона (Parkinson disease, нейродегенеративное заболевание головного мозга с преобладанием двигательных нарушений в виде общей скованности, замедленности движений, дрожания)29) Онкология: Progressive disease30) Связь: proportional/derivative31) Банковское дело: вероятность дефолта (probability of default)32) Транспорт: Paris Dakar, Port Director, Pump Diesel33) Энергетика: (Partial Discharge) частичный разряд34) СМИ: Pound Dog, Publication Date35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: purchase department, Project Director36) Образование: Pen Down, Pupil Distance37) Микроэлектроника: photodiode( фотодиод)38) Сетевые технологии: phase-change dual, phase-dual39) ЕБРР: Procurement Department40) Полимеры: pressure distillate, privileged direction41) Автоматика: pitch diameter42) Полупроводники: photoelectron diffraction43) Океанография: Position Description44) Медицинская техника: Power Doppler (УЗИ)45) Макаров: physical development46) Безопасность: Parallel Decode47) Расширение файла: Performance Data48) Нефть и газ: pump discharge, ДР ( доказанные разрабатываемые запасы) (Proven Developed reserves), ущерб для имущества и материалов49) Электротехника: partial discharge, periodic duty, power divider50) Имена и фамилии: Philip Dey51) Должность: Pizza Delivery, Porch Dog, Private Detective, Program Director52) Чат: Pretty Disappointing53) NYSE. Phelps Dodge Corporation54) Федеральное бюро расследований: Portland Field Office55) Международная торговля: Project Delivery -
13 devoir
devoir [d(ə)vwaʀ]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 28━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► The past participle dû takes a circumflex to distinguish it from the article du. Only the masculine singular has this accent.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <• elle lui doit 200 € she owes him 200 euros• il lui doit bien cela ! it's the least he can do for him!• à qui doit-on la découverte du radium ? who discovered radium?2. <a. (obligation)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque devoir exprime une obligation, il se traduit généralement par to have (got) to lorsqu'il s'agit de contraintes extérieures ; notez que to have got to ne s'utilise qu'au présent. must a généralement une valeur plus impérative ; must étant défectif, on utilise to have to aux temps où il ne se conjugue pas.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• je ne peux pas aller au cinéma, je dois travailler I can't go to the cinema, I've got to work• si je rentre tard, je dois téléphoner à ma mère if I stay out late, I have to phone my mother• je dois téléphoner à ma mère ! I must phone my mother!• Martin avait promis, il devait le faire Martin had promised, so he had to do it• dois-je comprendre par là que... am I to understand from this that...b. (conseil)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━c. (fatalité)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque devoir exprime une fatalité, il se traduit généralement par to be bound to.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• cela devait arriver ! it was bound to happen!d. (prévision)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque devoir exprime une prévision, il est souvent traduit par to be going to.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Notez l'emploi de to be due to dans les contextes où la notion de temps est importante.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• son train doit or devrait arriver dans cinq minutes his train is due to arrive in five minutes• Antoinette devait partir à six heures mais la réunion s'est prolongée Antoinette was due to leave at six but the meeting went on longere. (hypothèse)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Au conditionnel, on utilise should.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Dans les phrases négatives, on utilise généralement can't.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━3. <• les époux se doivent fidélité husband and wife have a duty to be faithful to one another► se devoir de ( = être obligé de)• j'en ai informé mon chef, comme il se doit I informed my boss, of course• on a fêté l'événement, comme il se doit and naturally, we celebrated the event4. <a. ( = obligation) duty• il est de mon devoir de... it is my duty to...b. (scolaire) ( = dissertation) essay ; ( = exercice fait en classe) exercise ; (fait à la maison) homework uncount• devoir surveillé or sur table written test* * *Note: Lorsque devoir est utilisé comme auxiliaire pour exprimer une obligation posée comme directive, une recommandation, une hypothèse ou un objectif, il se traduit par must suivi de l'infinitif sans to: je dois finir ma traduction aujourd'hui = I must finish my translation today; tu dois avoir faim! = you must be hungry!Lorsqu'il exprime une obligation imposée par les circonstances extérieures, il se traduit par to have suivi de l'infinitif: je dois me lever tous les matins à sept heures = I have to get up at seven o'clock every morningLes autres sens du verbe auxiliaire, et devoir verbe transitif et verbe pronominal, sont présentés ci-dessous
I
1. dəvwɑʀverbe auxiliaire1) (obligation, recommandation, hypothèse)tu dois te brosser les dents au moins deux fois par jour — you must brush your teeth at least twice a day
il a dû accepter — ( obligation) he had to accept; ( hypothèse) he must have accepted
ces mesures doivent permettre une amélioration du niveau de vie — these measures should allow an improvement in the standard of living
il doit absolument éviter l'alcool — it's imperative that he avoid alcohol, he really must avoid alcohol
je dois dire/reconnaître que cela ne m'étonne pas — I have to ou I must say/admit I'm not surprised
dussé-je en mourir — liter even if I die for it
3) ( exprime une prévision)4) ( exprime la fatalité)cela devait arriver — it was bound ou it had to happen
2.
1) ( avoir à payer) to owe [argent, repas]devoir quelque chose à quelqu'un — to owe something to somebody, to owe somebody something
combien vous dois-je? — ( pour un service) how much do I owe you?; ( pour un achat) how much is it?
2) ( être redevable de)devoir quelque chose à quelqu'un — to owe something to somebody, to owe somebody something
3.
se devoir verbe pronominalse devoir à quelqu'un/son pays — to have a duty to somebody/one's country
2) ( réciproquement)3) ( par convention)
4.
comme il se doit locution adverbiale1) ( comme le veut l'usage)faire quelque chose/agir comme il se doit — to do something/to act in the correct way
2) ( comme prévu)comme il se doit, elle est en retard! — as you might expect, she's late!
II dəvwɑʀnom masculin ( obligation morale) dutyil est de mon devoir de — it's my duty to; École ( exercice fait en classe) test; ( fait à la maison) homework [U]
Phrasal Verbs:* * *d(ə)vwaʀ1. nm1) (= obligation) dutyAller voter fait partie des devoirs du citoyen. — Voting is part of one's duty as a citizen.
2. vt1) (= être redevable de) [argent] to owedevoir qch à qn [argent, respect] — to owe sb sth
Je lui dois de régler cette affaire le plus rapidement possible. — I owe it to him to sort this matter out as quickly as possible.
2) (obligation)Il doit le faire tout de suite. — He has to do it immediately., He must do it immediately.
Je dois partir. — I've got to go., I must go.
je devrais faire... — I ought to do..., I should do...
Tu n'aurais pas dû... — You ought not to have..., You shouldn't have...
4) (fatalité)Cela devait arriver un jour. — It was bound to happen some day.
5) (intention)Il doit partir demain. — He is to leave tomorrow., He is due to leave tomorrow.
Le nouveau centre commercial doit ouvrir en mai. — The new shopping centre is due to open in May.
Il doit être tard. — It must be late.
Tu dois être fatigué. — You must be tired.
* * *I.A nm1 ( obligation morale) duty; avoir le sens du devoir to have a sense of duty; homme/femme de devoir man/woman of conscience; agir par devoir to act out of a sense of duty; faire son devoir to do one's duty; je n'ai fait que mon devoir I only did my duty;2 ( obligation imposée par la loi ou les convenances) duty; manquer à tous ses devoirs to fail in all one's duties; le devoir m'appelle! duty calls!; se faire un devoir de faire to make it one's duty to do; il est de mon devoir de it's my duty to; se mettre en devoir de faire qch to set about doing sth; voter est un droit, c'est aussi un devoir voting is not only a right, but also a duty; ⇒ réserve;3 Scol ( exercice écrit) ( fait en classe) test; ( fait à la maison) homework ¢; faire ses devoirs to do one's homework; fais tes devoirs avant d'aller jouer do your homework before going out to play; j'ai un devoir d'anglais demain I've got an English test tomorrow; j'ai un devoir à rendre pour lundi I have a piece of homework to hand in on Monday.B † devoirs nmpl ( hommages) respects; présenter ses devoirs à qn to pay one's respects to sb; les derniers devoirs rendus à qn the last respects paid to sb.devoir d'ingérence Pol duty to interfere in the affairs of another nation; devoir surveillé or sur table Scol written test; devoir de vacances holiday homework (done from workbooks).II.devoir verb table: devoir❢ Lorsque devoir est utilisé comme auxiliaire pour exprimer une obligation posée comme directive, une recommandation, une hypothèse ou un objectif, il se traduit par must suivi de l'infinitif sans to: je dois finir ma traduction aujourd'hui = I must finish my translation today; tu dois avoir faim! = you must be hungry!Lorsqu'il exprime une obligation imposée par les circonstances extérieures, il se traduit par to have suivi de l'infinitif: je dois me lever tous les matins à sept heures = I have to get up at seven o'clock every morning.Les autres sens du verbe auxiliaire, et devoir verbe transitif et verbe pronominal, sont présentés ci-dessous.A v aux1 (obligation, recommandation, hypothèse) tu dois te brosser les dents au moins deux fois par jour you must brush your teeth at least twice a day; je dois aller travailler I've got to go to work; je devais aller travailler I had to go to work; il doit accepter he has got to accept; il a dû accepter ( obligation) he had to accept; ( hypothèse) he must have accepted; tu ne dois pas montrer du doigt! you shouldn't point!; ces mesures doivent permettre une amélioration du niveau de vie these measures should allow an improvement in the standard of living; le texte doit pouvoir être compris de tous the text should be comprehensible to everyone; il doit absolument éviter l'alcool it's imperative that he avoid alcohol, he really must avoid alcohol; je dois dire/reconnaître que cela ne m'étonne pas I have to ou I must say/admit I'm not surprised; je dois avouer que j'ai hésité I have to ou must admit I did hesitate; vous devrez être attentif à cela you'll have to ou you must watch out for that; tu devrais réfléchir avant de parler you should think before you speak; on devrait mettre cet enfant au lit this child ought to be put to bed; elle ne doit pas être fière! she must be ashamed of herself!; ils ne doivent plus lui faire confiance they can't trust him any more; je devais avoir 12 ans à ce moment-là I must have been 12 at the time; ils doivent arriver d'une minute à l'autre they're due to arrive any minute;2 ( être dans la nécessité de) l'entreprise va devoir fermer the company will have to close, the company is going to have to close; encore doivent-elles faire leurs preuves they still have to prove themselves; dois-je prendre un parapluie? should I take an umbrella?, do I need to take an umbrella?; dussé-je en mourir liter even if I die for it; il a cru devoir partir he felt obliged to leave;3 ( exprime une prévision) elles devaient en parler they were to talk about it; le contrat doit être signé à 16 heures the contract is to be signed at 4 pm; cet argent devait rester disponible this money was to have remained available; à quelle heure doit-il rentrer? what time should he be home?; à quoi doivent-ils s'attendre ensuite? what are they to expect next?; nous ne devons pas partir cet été we're not intending to go away this summer; je dois le voir demain I'll be seeing him tomorrow; je dois m'absenter prochainement I'll have to leave shortly; nous devions partir quand il s'est mis à pleuvoir we were about to leave when it started raining, we should have left but it started raining;4 ( exprime la fatalité) 10 ans plus tard, il devait sombrer dans la pauvreté 10 years later, he was to be found languishing in poverty; ce qui devait arriver arriva the inevitable happened; cela devait arriver it had ou it was bound to happen; nous devons tous mourir un jour we all have to die some day; elle devait mourir dans un accident de voiture she was to die in a car crash.B vtr1 ( avoir à payer) to owe [argent, repas]; devoir qch à qn to owe sth to sb, to owe sb sth; il déteste devoir de l'argent he hates owing money; combien vous dois-je? ( pour un service) how much do I owe you?; ( pour un achat) how much is it?; j'ai payé la veste mais je dois encore la jupe I've paid for the jacket but I haven't paid for the skirt yet;2 ( être redevable de) devoir qch à qn to owe sth to sb, to owe sb sth; devoir qch à qch to owe sth to sth ; il doit tout à sa femme he owes it all to his wife; je te dois d'avoir gagné it's thanks to you that I won; c'est à votre générosité que nous devons de ne pas être morts de faim it's thanks to your generosity that we didn't die of hunger; ⇒ chandelle;3 ( avoir une obligation morale) devoir qch à qn to owe sb sth; il me doit des excuses he owes me an apology.C se devoir vpr1 ( avoir une obligation morale) se devoir à qn/son pays to have a duty to sb/one's country; je me dois de le faire it's my duty to do it, I have a duty to do it;2 ( réciproquement) les époux se doivent fidélité spouses owe it to each other to be faithful;3 ( par convention) un homme de son rang se doit d'avoir un chauffeur a man of his standing has to have a chauffeur.D comme il se doit loc adv1 ( comme le veut l'usage) faire qch/agir comme il se doit to do sth/to act in the correct way; il plaça les convives comme il se doit he seated the guests as was proper;2 ( comme prévu) comme il se doit, elle est en retard! as you might expect, she's late!I[dəvwar] nom masculindevoir de chimie chemistry assignment ou exercise2. [impératifs moraux] dutyfaire ou accomplir ou remplir son devoir to carry out ou to do one's duty————————devoirs nom masculin pluriel————————de devoir locution adjectivalehomme/femme de devoir man/woman with a (strong) sense of duty————————du devoir de locution prépositionnelleII[dəvwar] verbe auxiliaire1. [exprime l'obligation]il doit he has to, he needs to, he mustdois-je être plus clair? do I need ou have to be more explicit?je dois admettre que... I must admit that...il ne doit pas he must not, he musn'ton ne doit pas fumer smoking is forbidden ou is not allowed2. [dans des conseils, des suggestions]il devrait he ought to, he should3. [indique une prévision, une intention]il doit m'en donner demain he's due to ou he should give me some tomorrowc'est une pièce que l'on doit voir depuis un an! it's a play we've supposedly been going to see ou we've been planning to see for a year![dans le passé]il devait venir mais je ne l'ai pas vu he was supposed to come ou to have come but I didn't see him4. [exprime une probabilité]il/cela doit he/it must, he's/it's got toil doit être fatigué he must be tired, he's probably tiredil doit y avoir ou cela doit faire un an que je ne l'ai pas vu it must be a year since I (last) saw him5. [exprime l'inévitable]la maison où elle devait écrire "Claudine" the house where she was to write "Claudine"[exprime une norme]le four ne devrait pas faire ce bruit the oven isn't supposed to ou shouldn't make that noise6. (soutenu)je l'aiderai, dussé-je aller en prison/y passer ma vie I'll help him, even if it means going to prison/devoting my life to it————————[dəvwar] verbe transitif1. [avoir comme dette] to owedevoir quelque chose à quelqu'un to owe somebody something, to owe something to somebody2. [être moralement obligé de fournir]3. [être redevable de]c'est à Guimard que l'on doit cette découverte we have Guimard to thank ou we're indebted to Guimard for this discoveryle son doit sa qualité à des enceintes très performantes the good quality of the sound is due to excellent speakers————————se devoir verbe pronominal (emploi réciproque)[avoir comme obligation mutuelle]les époux se doivent fidélité spouses ou husbands and wives must be faithful to each other————————se devoir à verbe pronominal plus préposition————————se devoir de verbe pronominal plus prépositiontu es grand, tu te dois de donner l'exemple you're a big boy now, it's your duty to show a good example
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